MS DOS
( Microsoft Disk Operating System )
An operating system is a large collection of software .Which manages resources of the computer system, such as memory , processor , system and input /output devices.
OR
An operating system is a basic interface between hardware and software . An operating system is the link between user and machine language with use of high level language we send instructions into the computer . There instruction are converted into machine language with the help of operating system .
Job Performed by an Operating System.
1. Processing Management
2. Memory Management
3. Input Output Management
4. File Management
1. Processing Management :
Processing Management System takes control over CPU assign data or instruction to the CPU after processing it again receives result from processing units . This work of operating system is called Processing Management .
2. Memory management :
An operating system all cache memory for the system programs which is known as memory management .
3. Input Output Management :
An operating system process the data under Input Output management .
4. File Management :
An operating system allow creating editing , saving and deleting the file . This work of operating system is called management.
TYPE OF OPERATING SYSTEM
There are two types of operating system :
1. Singal User :- One user can work at one time .
i.e - ( MS DOS )
2.Multi User :- More than one user can get connected and work at a time . In this operating system one CPU work along with many of computer can work together simulatuneous usually.
i.e- (Unix , Linux )
DOS
It stand for Disk Operating System DOS is a set of programs , which is used to activate all components or parts of computer system , is known as Disk Operating System (DOS )
COMMAND :- ( Command is in MS DOS written program which is use to run fix task of program )
A set of instruction is known as command. There are two types of commands.
1. INTERNAL COMMAND
2. EXTERNAL COMMAND
1. INTERNAL COMMAND :
There are the simplest and the most commonly used commands which execute immediately. There commands at the part of Command . Com file. They get loaded in the memory along with MS DOS system at the time of booting.
For Example :- Date , Time , Dir , Vol , Ver etc.
1) Vol :- This command is use to display the volume of target disk.
2) Label :- This command is use to change the current volume of target disk.
3) Ver :- This command is used to display the version of MS DOS.
2. EXTERNAL COMMAND :
The command which requires some special DOS files for execution is called external commands.
For Example :- Move , Copy , Rename , Edit , Formate etc.
To know more, watch our YOUTUBE video
DIR COMMANDS
Full Form of DIR = Directories
DIR :- This command is use to see or display the list of files and directories.
DIR/AA :- This command is used to display only files.
DIR/AD :- This command is used to display only directories.
DIR/P :- This command is used to display list of files and directories.
DIR/W :- This command is used to display list of files and directories width wise.
DIR/L :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories in lower case.
DIR/B :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories
without any other information.
DIR/S :- This option is used with direct command to search any files and directories.
Syntax:- dir/s <space> <any file name>.
DIR/ON :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories
ascending order of their name.
DIR/AH :- This command is used to display the list of hidden files only.
DIR/AS :- This option is used to display the list of system files only.
DIR/AR :- This command is used to display the list of read only files.
DIR/OS :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories
in ascending order of their size.
TO CREATE FILE IN MS-DOS
COPY <SPACE> CON <SPACE> FILE NAME
Type any massage
Press F6 Button to save file.
It save massage like :-1 file copied and save.
TO OPEN FILE AND READ FILE
Type <SPACE> FILE NAME
TO DELETE FILE
DEL <SPACE> FILE NAME
TO MAKE DIRECTORY
MD <SPACE> DIRECTORY NAME
MD = MAKE DIRECTORY
TO OPEN DIRECTORIES
CD <SPACE> DIRECTORIES NAME
CD = CHANGE DIRECTORIES NAME
TO COME OUT FROM DIRECTORY
CD..
TO REMOVE DIRECTORY
RD <SPACE> DIRECTORIES NAME.
EXTERNAL COMMAND
Ren (RENAME) :- This command is used to assign a new name of an already existing file and directory.
Ren <space> old file / directory name <space> new file / directory name.
Copy :- This command is used to assign new name of an already existing file.
Copy <space> old file name <space> new file name.
TO HIDE FILE / FOLDER
Attrib <space> + h <space> file / directory name.
TO UNHIDE FILE / FOLDER
Attrib <space> - h <space> file / directory name.
To Add / Remove read only file.
Attrib <space> + R <space> file name.
Attrib <space> - R <space> file name.
To copy directories.
Xcopy <space> old directory name e/s <space> new directory name.
To edit story / message.
Edit <space> file name.
PROMPT
PROMPT:- This command is used to change the appearance of current DOS prompt.
Prompt <space> file name ( put any name ).
To return the DOS prompt.
Prompt <space> $ p $ g.
To display the current system date.
Prompt <space> $ d.
Prompt <space> $ p $ g.
To display the current system time.
Prompt <space> $ t.
Prompt <space> $ p $ g.
For running command prompt.
Go to start button => All Program => Accessories => command prompt.
Go to start button => All Program => Accessories => Run type CMD.
WINDOW + R TYPE CMD.
To know more, watch our YOUTUBE video
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